Should same sex marriage remain legal in the United Kingdom Research Paper

Should same sex marriage remain legal in the United Kingdom - Research Paper Example The research will be conducted using online materials and books on Gender and Sexuality. In 2010, Wales and England were moving towards legalization of same sex marriages. Scotland was given control over its marriages but in Northern Ireland, there were no plans for such legislations. Full recognition of gays, lesbian and bisexuals same sex couples in UK began in the 1960s where same sex sexual behaviour was decriminalized. In 2005, same sex couples were able to enter into civil partnerships. Civil partnerships are indistinguishable from opposite sex marriage in terms of rights. This means that they grant the same privileges, obligations, and rights to the couples. Lee (2010, pp, 18) supported this view. According to Piercceson (2014, pp, 22-25) in 2009 public support had risen to 61%. Politicians were debating on changing the definition of marriage to allow all couples to marry. In 2011, the media reported that the government would allow gay church marriage. In 2013, there was a bill to legalise same sex marriage in England and Wales and in July 2013 the House of Lords approved the Marriage (Same sex Couples) Act. Couples of the same sex were able to register and marry and this resulted in England and Wales recognising same sex marriages. Same sex marriages should remain legal in United Kingdom to avoid violation of human rights. The United Nations of Human rights states that all rights are inherent to all human beings regardless of nationality, gender and religious views etc .Every human being has the same right to do as they please as long as it does not cause harm to another person. Same sex marriages are a matter of civil and equal rights and the decision to remain married should remain with the two individuals in the union. Most people are usually not comfortable with same sex relationships however; the dignity of such couples should be respected. Therefore, the law should remain to avoid a severe violation of

Diagnostic Assessment Essay Example for Free

Diagnostic Assessment Essay Luis is a 32-year-old male who immigrated to the U.S. when he was 14. He later became a US citizen. Although, Spanish is his native language, he speaks English extremely well. He recently returned to living with his parents after being laid off from being a semi-skilled auto worker 6 months ago. Luis is the middle of three children. He has a younger sister and older brother, his brother is away at college. Just prior to being laid off, he became involved with a young woman he claims is â€Å"the woman I’m going to marry. † He lives with his parents after being laid-off 6 months ago when he was living with friends. He was able to find a job where he works as a pizza delivery person. His mother was diagnosed with depression following the family’s move from Puerto Rico. Luis completed high school and one year of vocational training. Luis is self-referral and has concerns about his anger and impulsivity. These issues have surfaced since his returning home. Luis also wanted to know why he isn’t himself anymore. Luis stated that, â€Å"I just don’t feel like I am doing well but I don’t know why†. He reported feeling that there is really nothing bad going on in his life, yet he just feels like everything is bad. He reports that his parents are on his case because he don’t do anything other than sit around the house. His parents tell him that he needs to get himself under control. He feels like he really is not motivated to do things anymore. Luis reports that his home life finds him being harsh to his parents, especially when they make a request of him and he becomes angry over little issues. This is the same pattern he had growing up with them. He left home when he was 22-year-old to live with buddies. He frequently argues with his girlfriend. His parents attend Christian church weekly; yet, Luis only goes on some of the major holidays like Christmas and Easter. Luis reported that he was a â€Å"C† student in high school and received a certificate for skilled machinist. Luis reported that he was an okay school student but had a hard time adjusting when he first started in the States. He stated he likes what he works at and has been successful there as people tell him he does well. Luis reported that he has many friends, yet he has not been hanging out with them as much as he was before, and he don’t feel like being with his girlfriend, because he get too angry with her. He reported that he likes to watch sports on television. Luis describes himself as a good person, but don’t think he was when he was younger. Met all milestones; at time of assessment he reported his health to be within normal limits. Luis stated that he is not on any medication. His mother was diagnosed with depression following the family’s move from Puerto Rico. No history of psychiatric admissions or behavioral disorders. Luis is neatly dressed; wearing jeans and a t-shirt; he is of average height and weight. He was alert and oriented to person, place, and time. He was soft-spoken and his speech was at normal rate. Luis was very cooperative and rapport was easily established. He came to the testing session willingly to participate but reported he had one of those nights where he had trouble getting and staying asleep. On several occasions, he slumped back in his chair. He followed directions and were observed to have times of being somewhat sluggish in his responses.

Sherwood Anderson Life And Influences :: essays research papers

LaBrie 1 Sherwood Anderson's life experiences And the way they influenced how he wrote Sherwood Anderson often wrote of other people's misery in his short stories and used it in ironic ways when writing his endings. After reading several of his these stories and reading several biographies of his life, I have come to the conclusion that Anderson's life experiences greatly influence the method in which he wrote them. Also, when comparing some of his stories to his life, you will see that many of them can be closely compared to difficult times in which he went through while growing up and as a grown man. Sherwood Anderson was born into a rather impoverished circumstance in a small Ohio village named Camden. His father was a heavy drinker and had a particular hard time keeping a job. His mother was a hard working woman with strict religious beliefs and always taught her children to work as hard as they could. Anderson was the third of seven children, making his family large and hard to support. Anderson was not an exceptional student, but rather was average grade wise. He graduated grammar school and completed nine months of highschool. Anderson was forced to drop out because he needed to work for his family and bring in more income than his mother and two brothers were making. Anderson worked as a laborer in 1896- 1898, then served in the Spanish American War. He attended Wittenburg Academy in Springfield, Ohio, in 1900, then went to Chicago. In Chicago he worked at a produce warehouse, and when he was in his teens he began working as an editor for an advertising agency. In 1904 he began to display unusual talent for success in the mail- order paint business. LaBrie 4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In addition to having financial problems Anderson also had numerous family problems. I believe that this is the reason that Anderson would use love in his stories and have his characters unable to be with that love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anderson was first married on May 16, 1904, to Cornelia Lane of Toledo. He fathered two sons, Robert Lane and John Sherwood, and a daughter, Marion with her. On July 27, 1916, Anderson divorced his current wife and married Tennessee Claflin Mitchell on July 31, at Chateaugay, New York. This marriage had many difficulties since Anderson and Claflin did not agree on most things such as business and family life. Because of this, they divorced in 1924, and after this Anderson married Elizabeth Prall.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

Affirmative action is meant to be an attempt at equality throughout society. It supposedly proposes that each person receives equal opportunities in the classroom as well as the work force. Not only would this apply to minorities but to women as well. Every sector in America would be equal and unprejudiced - or so proponents say. On the other hand, adopting affirmative action would force many employers to replace hard-working employees with those of less qualification simply due to their gender or ethnic background. Many people feel that affirmative action would be very beneficial to our society. They have many thought-inspiring arguments. Some claim that we owe blacks for what we took from them in the past. We gave them a setback in our economic system, and affirmative action would be our way of reimbursing them for time and opportunities they lost out on (Norman 50). But where should the line be drawn; how much do we do to repay people - in this case blacks - for past wrongs? Is it enough to give them equal rights, or will we give them extra opportunities to make up for those we took away? It has been argued that the black sector in America, in general, is lower in class due to their environment prior to the Civil War, but the black people of today are not those who lived then. Each person today - no matter their gender,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2 origin, race, belief, or whatever difference has the same opportunities as everyone else. In my opinion no one needs any special favors to get ahead. In this paper I will discuss some of the problems with affirmative action. These include disgruntled employees, reverse discrimination, and the negative effect on our economic status. People who are for affirmative action have many possible positive outcomes as a result of this law passing, some of which have already been implicated. The first subject I will discuss is diversity in the work place, including women and minorities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Proponents of affirmative action attempt to show that diversity in the work force has brought w... ...urface affirmative action sounds and looks good. How could giving people an opportunity to work and learn to get along be a bad   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   6 idea? But after looking deeper into this concept, it seems that the scale of benefits are still not evenly spread amongst the community. After looking at all the negative outcomes, the choice should be clear. This is obviously not the right plan to help our social and economic system and we should stop using it until we can find a better choice. Works Cited Abner, Lacy. Discrimination behind a mask. Lighthouse publishing co. Boston, 1996 Carlton, Melinda. Affirmative Action and Affirming Diversity. Public Management. Florida, 1997. Norman, Jim. Politics of the nineties: Americas Verdict on Affirmative Action is Decidedly Mixed. USA Today. June/July 1997: 49-52. Internet website. www.washingtonpost.com

Petroleum and Investment Grade Rating

Petrolera Zuata, Petrozuata C. A. case study â€Å"La Apertura† (The Opening) †¢ Target: Orinoco Belt heavy/extra heavy oil accumulation (biggest known in the world) †¢ Key Strategy: Opening Venezuelan oil sector to foreign oil companies †¢ How: Profit sharing agreements, operating service agreements, strategic joint-venture associations †¢ Ownership: PDVSA or subsidiaries contribute10 years), fixed interest rates, fewer more flexible covenants, larger amounts. – Cons: fund must be raised in a lump sum.Excess funds create a drag on earnings (negative carry) †¢ Rule 144A market (private placement market): – Pros: Like public bonds + speed, underwritten within six months – Cons: only qualified investors can invest in them Conditions needed: hot markets and investment grade rating What kind of debt to choose? †¢ The sponsors should use 144A (private bonds) to fund the deal because of the important advantages and the significant d isadvantages which can arise by using the other debt kinds. Rule 144A has big advantage of time – Markets seem to be going in the right direction (Hot markets) – What else is needed?†¦ (on the next slide: Investment grade) Investment Grade Rating †¢ Agencies look at 3 main factors: sponsors’ creditworthiness, project’s economics and Venezuela’s sovereign risk. †¢ Problem: Venezuela’s rating: S&P â€Å"B† Moody’s â€Å"Ba2† †¢ Petrozuata is strictly connected with country’s risks because it is controlled by PDVSA which is Venezuela’s state oil company and operates in Venezuela †¢ If Venezuela defaults on its debt Petrozuata will default too unless†¦ Conoco Inc. is a subsidiary of DuPont which operates worldwide and has investment grade rating †¢ Investing in Petrozuata is indirectly investing in DuPont †¢ If you invest in Petrozuata your real investment is also in Vene zuela and DuPont †¢ Petrozuata project has a very good structure and business projections †¢ Same comparables with other oil companies operating in other countries and having investment rate grading †¢ Ras Laffan example of oil company having higher rating than the country in which it operates(Qatar) In order to obtain investment grading it is very important to have DuPont in the deal †¢ If rating agencies consider the fact that Petrozuata will repay its debt although Maraven defaults on its part of debt because DuPont wants to mantain its good reputation it might obtain an investment grading †¢ If Venezuela is strictly linked to Petrozuata and has a â€Å"B† then Petrozuata should have at least a â€Å"B† rating plus a considerable bonus because the risk is diversified into DuPont †¢ Project’s base case DSCR would probably have to exceed 1. 0X †¢ Break-even point low enough so the project can cover all operating and financing costs if oil prices fall substantially Is it a good deal? †¢ We would invest in project bonds as they will likely yield a higher return compared to the 21% cost of equity. Factors that need to be considered: †¢ Hierarchy of payments is good (referred to â€Å"Cash Waterfall†) †¢ Balance Sheet and Income statement suggest PDVSA and DuPont are supposed to be solid companies †¢ Oil prices are not that volatile; fluctuating but arresting around a price between $20 and $25 per barrel (suggested nominal break-even price in 2008 $8. 3 per barrel) †¢ Lower operating costs with respect to competitors (cash operating cost around $3. 19 against industry median at $8. 55) †¢ More than enough heavy crude oil reserves to sustain the planned production according DeGolyer & MacNoughton (U. S. based oil consulting firm) †¢ Project’s design in accordance with good industry practice; complying with Venezuelan and International environmental laws as stat ed by Stone & Webster Overseas Consultants, a U. S. ngineering and consulting firm What should Conoco take into account? †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ True problem is not very favorable business environment Theoretically, if all contracts are respected and hierarchy of payments holds, the only entities bearing risks are PDVSA and DuPont with their capital investment Banks and whoever invests in project bonds according to the hierarchy of payments should be a safe investor Uncertainty in government’s future actions could be very harmful.Remember that in January 1976 the Venezuelan government nationalized the domestic oil industry and the compensation package was only 20% of market value!!! (according to foreign oil companies). Lending to Petrozuata is indirectly investing in Venezuela’s business environment and doing business with the government as PDVSA is 100% government owned, which has a non-investment grading by rating agencies †¢ What should Conoco do? Take carefully in consideration what has been mentioned †¢ Make an in depth analysis on Venezuela’s macroeconomic issues †¢ Try to revise the â€Å"Off take agreement† to be sure of having the right to buy the 104,000 BPCD at the pre-fixed price †¢ If benefits exceed these further costs then consider equity investment †¢ Otherwise the best move would be to take some other entity in the deal to diversify risks even more †¢ Personally, we would be very cautious with investing equity capital as Conoco.

Corruption and Poverty

Corruption and Poverty Free Online Research Papers Corruption is both a major cause and a result of poverty around the world. It occurs at all levels of society, from local and national governments, civil society, judiciary functions, large and small businesses, military and other services and so on. Corruption affects the poorest the most, whether in rich or poor nations. The issue of corruption is very much inter-related with other issues. At a global level, the â€Å"international† (Washington Consensus-influenced) economic system that has shaped the current form of globalization in the past decades requires further scrutiny for it has also created conditions whereby corruption can flourish and exacerbate the conditions of people around the world who already have little say about their own destiny. A difficult thing to measure or compare, however, is the impact of corruption on poverty versus the effects of inequalities that are structured into law, such as unequal trade agreements, structural adjustment policies, so-called â€Å"free† trade agreements and so on. It is easier to see corruption. It is harder to see these other more formal, even legal forms of â€Å"corruption.† It is easy to assume that these are not even issues because they are part of the laws and institutions that govern national and international communities and many of us will be accustomed to it- it is how it works, so to speak. Those deeper aspects are discussed in other parts of this web site’s section on trade, economy, related issues. That is not to belittle the issue of corruption, however, for its impacts are enormous too.  «Ã ¢Ã °Ã ºÃ °Ã'  Ã' Ã ¸Ã'‚Ã'Æ'Ð °Ã'†Ð ¸Ã'  Ð ½Ã °Ã'  Ð ºÃ °Ã'‚Ð µÃ ³Ã ¾Ã'€Ð ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã ºÃ ¸ Ð ½Ã µ Ã'Æ'Ã' Ã'‚Ã'€Ð °Ã ¸Ã ²Ã °Ã µÃ'‚! КÐ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ¿Ã'†Ð ¸Ã'  Ã'Æ'Ð ³Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ¶Ã °Ã µÃ'‚ Ã'€Ð °Ã ·Ã ²Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã'Ž Ð ½Ã °Ã'ˆÐ µÃ ³Ã ¾ Ð ³Ã ¾Ã' Ã'Æ'Ð ´Ã °Ã'€Ã' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã °, Ð µÃ ³Ã ¾ Ã' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ¼Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ¼Ã'Æ' Ã'€Ð ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Æ' Ð ¸ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ¹ Ã' Ã'‚Ð °Ã ±Ã ¸Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸. И Ð ¼Ã'‹ Ð ±Ã'Æ'Ð ´Ã µÃ ¼ Ð ²Ã µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ¸ Ã' Ã °Ã ¼Ã'Æ'Ã'Ž Ð ¶Ã µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ºÃ'Æ'Ã'Ž Ð ¸ Ã'€Ð µÃ'ˆÐ ¸Ã'‚Ð µÃ »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã'Æ'Ã'Ž Ð ±Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'Å'Ð ±Ã'Æ' Ã'  Ð ½Ã µÃ ¹. ПÐ ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ¼Ã'Æ' Ã' Ã µÃ ³Ã ¾Ã ´Ã ½Ã'  Ã'  Ð ¾Ã ±Ã'Å Ã' Ã ²Ã »Ã' Ã'Ž Ð ¾ Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ¼, Ã'‡Ã'‚Ð ¾ Ð ¼Ã'‹ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã °Ã µÃ ¼ ОÐ ±Ã'‰Ð µÃ ½Ã °Ã'†Ð ¸Ã ¾Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ð ¿Ã »Ã °Ã ½ Ð ´Ã µÃ ¹Ã' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¸Ã ¹ Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ð ±Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'Å'Ð ±Ã µ Ã'  Ð ºÃ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ¿Ã'†Ð ¸Ã µÃ ¹Ã‚ » Ð’Ð µÃ'€Ð ½Ã'Æ'Ð ²Ã'ˆÐ ¸Ã' Ã'Å' Ð º Ð ²Ã ¾Ã ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã' Ã °Ã ¼ Ð ¾ Ð ½Ã °Ã ºÃ °Ã ·Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ¸ Ð ·Ã ° Ð ºÃ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ¿Ã'†Ð ¸Ã'Ž, Ð ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ·Ã ¸Ã ´Ã µÃ ½Ã'‚ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã »Ã ¾Ã ¶Ã ¸Ã » Ã' Ã ¾Ã ·Ã ´Ã °Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð µÃ ´Ã ¸Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ð ¾Ã'€Ð ³Ã °Ã ½ Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ð ²Ã ¾Ã ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã' Ã °Ã ¼ Ð ±Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'Å'Ð ±Ã'‹ Ã'  Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ¼ Ã' Ã ²Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µÃ ¼ Ð ¸ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã' Ã' Ã ½Ã ¸Ã »:  «Ãâ€™Ã ¾Ã ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã' Ã'‹ Ð ±Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'Å'Ð ±Ã'‹ Ã'  Ð ºÃ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ¿Ã'†Ð ¸Ã µÃ ¹ Ð ½Ã'Æ'Ð ¶Ã ½Ã ¾ Ã' Ã ¾Ã' Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã'‡Ð ¸Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð ² Ð ¾Ã ´Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ¼ Ð ¾Ã'€Ð ³Ã °Ã ½Ã µ. Ð £ Ð ½Ã °Ã'  Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ¼ Ð ·Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã °Ã µÃ'‚Ã' Ã'  Ð °Ã ³Ã µÃ ½Ã'‚Ã' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¾ Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ð ±Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'Å'Ð ±Ã µ Ã'  Ð ºÃ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ¿Ã'†Ð ¸Ã µÃ ¹, КÐ ¾Ã ¼Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð µÃ'‚ Ð ½Ã °Ã'†Ð ¸Ã ¾Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾Ã ¹ Ð ±Ã µÃ ·Ã ¾Ã ¿Ã °Ã' Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸, Ð ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¾Ã ²Ã'‹Ð µ Ã' Ã »Ã'Æ'Ð ¶Ã ±Ã'‹. Ð Ã µ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ¹Ã ¼Ã µÃ'ˆÃ'Å', Ã'  Ð ºÃ ¾Ã ³Ã ¾ Ã' Ã ¿Ã'€Ð °Ã'ˆÐ ¸Ã ²Ã °Ã'‚Ã'Å' ». one would expect that corruption is more likely to take place when civil servants are paid very low wages and often must resort to collecting bribes in order to feed their families. Research Papers on Corruption and PovertyPETSTEL analysis of IndiaQuebec and CanadaDefinition of Export Quotas19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andTwilight of the UAWAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Project Managment Office System

buy custom Medicare Managed Care essay

buy custom Medicare Managed Care essay In the United States, Medicare programs are in the rise as they are being favored by many researches carried out due to the presence of many and diverse Medicare challenges. The government of the United States has also played a significant role in the development of the Medicare programs. The Medicare managed-care plan is being encouraged in the United States because of the added coverage it has over the Medicare plans. Studies have been carried out and revealed that the Medicare Advantage Plan is a bit cheaper than the Medical Fee for Service even with its enhanced effectiveness and efficiency. A Medicare managed care is a plan for individuals to obtain coverage for their bills of health care, which is not paid for by the Medicare. The Medicare managed plans are the programs that are run by the health care agencies. They include the health maintenance organizations (HMOs) or the preferred provider organizations (PPOs), whereby, they are involved in the provision of Medicare covera ge as well as coverage left as gaps by the Medicare coverage. The Medigap polices provide basic Medicare in the same way as the Medicare managed care; and they can appear to replace each other. However, the Medicare managed care is different from the Medigap policies in the basis of its operation. While Medicare and Medigap policies will operate together to pay the client's medical bills, they have different extents to which they operate (Elliott Et al. 2011). While the jurisdiction of the Medigap polices will extend to the point of the coverage of the bills, the Medicare managed-care plans will go further than just the bill level. Other than providing the client's Medicare coverage, the Medicare managed care will include other coverage extending to the filing of Medicare coverage gaps. The managed-care plan controls the extent of the clients beyond Medicare, as well as the premiums size and copayment size. The managed-care plan is also the one that makes the decisions regarding p ayments for the clients treatment (Elliott Et al. 2011). The managed care is distinct in that the clients are left to agree on the specific hospitals, specific doctors and others in the network of the Medicare exchange aimed at reducing the costs of the overall healthcare costs. In the light of the provision for chances to choose on the part of the clients, the Medicare managed care provides a variety of provisions for the patients. For example, there is a Medicare managed-care plan that provides narrow limitations on consulting with specialists or accessing practitioners from outside the network. There are others that do not impose restrictions to the patients freedom in choosing the doctors to consult for their treatment. However, the premium charges for a particular Medicare managed-care plan vary with increasing trends inclined to expand the choice's ability of the client. In further pursuing of the economic implications of the Medicare managed care for the clients, it is nece ssary that individuals make some research on the available options in their area. It is essential that such individuals check on the adequacy of care, as well as costs for each particular healthcare managed care in the proposal. It is also necessary that the cost will include the doctors visits together with the prescribed drugs. There are several types of managed-care plans. The health maintenance organization (HMO), preferred provider organization (PPO), and provider sponsored organization (PSO) are some of the available types of managed-care plans. Out of the three aforementioned types of the Medicare managed-care plan, the HMO is the least expensive. The HMO is also popular for its restriction, which ranks higher than the others. Other than the Medicare Health Plan, individuals have a choice of Medicare Advantage Plan as a part of their Medicare. The Advantage Plans are, however, offered by the private companies, which are approved by Medicare. The Medicare Advantage Plan provides clients with all of their Part A and Part B coverage. In the Medicare field, the Hospital Insurance is referred to as Part A, while the Medical Insurance is Part B. Other than covering for the Hospital Insurance and Medical Insurance, some Medicare Advantage plans offer extra coverage that may include the coverage for hearing, dental, vision, and health and wellness programs. At the same time, the majority of the Medicare Advantage Plan will cater for Medicare prescription drug coverage (Part D). Basically, it is the Medicare that pays some fixed monthly installments to the Medicare Advantage Plan providers. The Medicare Plan Providers are entitled to follow some rules set by the Medicare. It is, however, common that each Medicare Advantage Plan imposes different extra costs, as well as different rules for their service provision. The clients subject to the rule of the Medicare Advantage Plan on whether they require a recommendation of seeing a specialist, or go to see a doctor alone. The cost analysis of a Medicare Advantage Plan involves various considerations. It is also notable that the clients are required to pay for their Part B premium, and some added monthly premiums for the included services. At the same time, each Medicare Advantage Plan has its unique, extra costs to the clients. Since the c lients subjected to a Medicare Advantage Plan have an option for obtaining their Medicare by Medicare Fee for Service, the cost considerations for the two available options can be looked upon by their various implications to the client. In case of Medicare Advantage Plan, the patients are obligated to go to a middle man, who is usually the assigned primary medical practitioner; although, sometimes they will go to the practitioner-nurse, prior to being sent to a specialist. This, in the eyes of many, can appear to be inconvenient. It can also mean a waste of the patients time. Opponents of Medicare Advantage Plan may argue that the patients are better placed if they see a specialist to obtain the needed Medicare. What the opponents of Medicare Advantage Plan fail to anticipate is the cases where the efforts of a specialist can be proved unnecessary, thus saving the patients' money and even time, not mentioning the inconveniences of operations and tests. There can be cases where th e patient may actually know whichspecialistcould be right for his problem.Even in such cases, it might not always be necessary for the patient toobtainan expensive service from the specialist. The Medicare Advantage Plan offers achancefor possibilities, as when a nurse-practitioner could have done as well as aspecialist, thus saving the patientsmoney. In the light of this, the Medicare Fee for Service is more expensive than the Medicare Advantage Plan. In many cases, Managed Care organizations carry out scrutiny for expensive procedures to ensure that they are necessary (McGuire, Newhouse Sinaiko, n.d). By scrutinizing the expensive procedures for the clients, the Medicare Advantage Plans are able to wedge into the gap between the patients desire or need and their economic pressures. Following the findings, the 30 per cent of surgeons recommended operations are not necessary; the intervention by the Medicare Advantage Plan comes at the right moment. As an example of the operations that managed care refuses to pay for is hysterectomy, the uterus removal. The basis for this refusal is the complaints about patients calling for hysterectomy, while they can successfully be treated with other less-expensive methods. Of course, this has ultra slim chances of occurring in Medicare Fee for Services, and thus becoming more expensive (McGuire, Newhouse Sinaiko, n.d). The Medicare Advantage Plan has the ability of eliminating expensive doctors and other medical practitioners from the lists of providers (McGuire, Newhouse Sinaiko, n.d). The way the Medicare Advantage Plans determine that particular doctors are overpriced is by the doctors ordering abnormal number of CAT scan, X-rays and laboratory procedures. The Medicare Advantage Plans organizations utilize the information technology to research on the effectiveness of the doctors they are to enroll in their lists of providers. By doing so, the Managed Care organizations obtain the benefits of eliminating high-price d doctors and also caution the remaining ones. In the case of Medicare Fee for Service, it is hard to obtain such levels of specializations, thus medical service remains expensive. The Medicare Advantage Plans organizations are also able to identify medical practitioners who have tendencies of offering significantly expensive medications. At the sametime, the doctors who over-exploit the hospital facilities are identifiable through the same procedure. Theoretically, the Medicare Advantage organizations obtain some levels or accuracy index of skills for the doctors engaged in their programs, especially for treatment of specific cases. It is agreeable that such studies are done rarely; on the contrary, the Medicare Fee for Services options will not provide such a service (Berenson Dowd, 2009). In notable cases, Medicare Advantage organizationsoperatetheir own health facilities in the rural areas. In such facilities, the staff and doctorsarecommonlypaidby the organizations. This elim inates the fee-for-service, whichis normally subjectedto the individual patients and is expensive.The collectively run health facilities enable cost-saving measures, such as technicians and nurse-practitioners carrying out theworkthat could otherwisebe doneby doctors.The Medicare Advantage Plans are, therefore, able tocutdown on the overall costs for the client members, making them a bit less expensive than the Medicare Fee for Services. Finally, the large enough number of members of the Medicare Advantage organizations enhances their bargaining powers (Berenson Dowd, 2009). The bargaining powerismostlyputin practice during the hospital and pharmaceutical negotiations. Where the Medicare Advantage Plancontractswith private and public hospitals for their membership, they are able toobtainflatdaily rates for the hospital charges andextendthecheapservices to their clients. Therefore, it isevidentthat the Medicare Advantage Plan is less expensive than the Medicare Fee for Services by the individual members withlimitedbargaining powers. The operators of the Medicare Fee for Services have the advantage of being exempted from network requirements for adequacy (Kaplan, 2011). This can have some economical implication, cutting down charges for the patients. While the Medicare Fee for Service is exempted from the requirements of network adequacy, the impact can be so minimal to the point of being significantly felt by the individual clients. Therefore, on the grounds of the aforementioned fact, the Medicare Fee for Services cannot be said to be less expensive than the Medicare Advantage Plan. Other than the Medicare Fee for Service providers being exempted from adequacy requirements for network, they also are subjected to fewer requirements, while they benefit from particular statutory and rules of administration. Nonetheless, this service is expected to cost less to the patients. The problem usually arises from the fact that the bargaining power of the patient is w eak. It can also be argued that most of the providers are private individuals who cannot afford to be everywhere treating all possible cases in terms of clients state of health. Therefore, the patients who go for Medicare Fee for Service will be subjected to more subjective operations than is the case with the patients opting for Medicare Advantage Plan (Kaplan, 2011). Research data by Medpac on preference of Medicare Fee for Services shows that they take more than three-quarters of the overall options available for Medicare beneficiaries. This indicates that the Medicare Fee for Services is gaining popularity despite its expectation of being expensive. However, in the same study by Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MEDPAC) (2008), the Medicare Fee for Services accounted for 19 per cent of the total Medicare Advantage Plan enrollment. They actually accounted for 60 per cent of the 2006 to 2007 enrollment growth. Figures indicated that during the period from 2006 to 2007, Manage d-Care plan's enrollment remained flat (MEDPAC, 2008). The employers are also seen to be playing some significant roles in the Medicare Advantage Plan.It wasnoted in theemployer-only plan that the year 2008 tended tobehigher than other plans with a noted 108 percent. At the same time, the payments by the employer-only plans showed an average of 116 percent of the Fees for Service spending. The impacts of the employer-only plans to the Medicare Advantage are detrimental as they compromise the ability of the Medicare Advantage plans. Conclusion The Medicare Managed Care helps individuals to pay for their Medicare costs. The Medical Advantage plans have coverage on such health issues of the patients as visual, dental and hearing problems. These plans are being encouraged to be adapted currently. When Medicare Advantage Plan is compared to the Medicare Fee for Service, it has evidence of effectiveness and efficiency added to the fact that it is less expensive than the Medicare Fee for Service. Buy custom Medicare Managed Care essay

Grapes of Wrath1 essays

Grapes of Wrath1 essays This book was published in 1975 but written in the 1930's. It won the Pulitzer Prize and the author also won the 1962 Nobel Prize for Literature. The book is a story of the Joad family, and their trip to California. It tells of the migration of thousands of homeless families from Oklahoma to California. It follows the Joad family, who, evicted from the land by the bank decide to head for the 'Golden West' to a land of plenty. When there they encounter poverty and oppression. The book stirs emotion from deep within. It shows the strength of the human spirit under stress and the dreadful conditions the Joad family suffered. The Joad family began with Ma, Pa, Granpa, Granma, Tom, Al, Ruthie, Connie, Rose of Sharon, Winfield, Uncle John and Casey a former preacher. Whilst on the road they meet the Wilsons who let the Joad's use their tent when Granpa was dying. Many other characters drift in and out during the unfolding story. The character of Tom Joad is the most interesting. Tom is the oldest child and a paroled convict. He was sent to Pentridge when during a drunken fight he hit a neighbor's son over the head with a shovel killing him in the process. On release he hitches back to his parents' farm and on arrival finds the shocking truth - it is deserted with the doors ripped off. He finds out from a neighbor who is living off the land while hiding from the bank that, his family and many others were evicted from the land by the bank. He then walks to his uncle John's whereupon he finds his family loading up the truck to head for California. He is invaluable to his family, using the skills he learnt in prison - car repair, reading and writing. He keeps the whole family moving at times. His younger brother Al who thinks he is god reveres him. A theme that comes through strongly is that a family is a family and should never be broken up either willingly or unwil ...

Red Cedar Redevelopment Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Red Cedar Redevelopment Project - Research Paper Example Creating eco-friendly nature trails, paths and social infrastructure such as sitting places in Parks, play grounds for children, restaurants and a movie theatre for entertainment. Another activity involves the development of passive recreation activities such as playing chess and active events such as golfing and baseball games. Zone 3 focuses on play, work, and comfortable living. The redevelopment activities proposed will include the provision of an active, welcoming social and urban environment. This will be provided through the construction of ample parking, the unity of cultures, integration of cultural values and education into the entire environmental aspects. Zone 4 will concentrate on modernizing the streetscapes. This will be achieved through making the area welcoming, dense/urban and vibrant. Urbanisation will be achieved through the construction of first-floor commercial and residential buildings to rival the current generational building structures. A variety of pedestri an friendly setbacks with ample space for social events will be included in the redevelopment plan. The redevelopment plan advocates and will use modern construction materials to achieve state of art status of the buildings and other structures to be erected. In addition, the redeveloped facilities will use art and multi-sensory experiences to attract the public to the golf course and other facilities in the town. These four zones describe the geography of the site. The community vision and values transcend the site’s redevelopment.

Essay on Gender Equality Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

On Gender Equality - Essay Example Not just the physical differences of these two, even at their physiological responses and to other fields. The society is just having misconception about the differences of the two sexes that is why conflicts arise. We can look closely to how we can link these two sexes. But to do that it is better if we recognize first what are their differences for us to be able to connect them and resolve the reasons why conflicts arise. In other words, let us look at the both sides on them and settle at the middle and understand their reactions or responses. When it comes to physical appearance men has more defined muscle structure than women. They are the one who are much capable of lifting heavy things as compared to women because their physical capacity is fit for such work. The brain structure of men is different from women. They have thinner corpus callosum. This is the one that connects the two halves of the brain. The left side of the brain is the one responsible for analytical thinking. And this is when the boys can level up to the scores of women because men are good with numbers (Turner, 1997). When it comes to sexual urges, men are more visual than women. Visual things can usually trigger their urges compared to women. When it comes to listening, men usually have different kind of behavior. In the research of Deborah Tannen (1990), she found out that men will usually eye on something else while listening to somebody. When you talk to them they don't look at you straight but will be eyeing other things in the surroundings. She also found at his research that even at the development of men will stand as the evidence of how different they are to women. They usually establish bonding with other boys with physical activities; they don't make talking as a medium for closeness to other boys. When it terms to command making, men are more direct to what they want and the orders that they give according to Theiderman. She even elaborated that even in asking question there is this line that separates men from women. Men are not into details and will ask fewer questions. Men ask questions because they want to know something. Their purpose of asking is plainly to gather information. Women Physically, women have less muscle definition. Instead they are built for the purpose of conception and therefore bear the gift of carrying their young. As to brain structure, women are have a thicker corpus collusom and are therefore capable of multi tasking as compared to men. In terms of sexual urges, women are more into touch than visuals. They are easily aroused when touched and not just by visuals. In terms of listening, women look at their partners when listening. They set their eyes to there friends when listening because it is their way of showing that their attention is set to conversation. As to making commands, women are softer in giving orders. They usually use tag lines and will usually use phrases that ask for confirmation but in away suggesting her own idea or asking for others to confirm with her, (Thiederman). Girls establish a different medium of bonding with other girls. They indulge their time to talking as establishing closer relationship with other girls, (Tannnen, 1990). Girls usually exchange secrets and talk about a constant topic as compared to boys. For them, if they spend time for talking with other girl

ISSUES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ISSUES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE - Essay Example 21). In the event that such a situation arises, the judges must ensure proper interpretation of the statute before applying the statute in a case. The interpretation of such statutes is important to ensure proper identification and elimination of any ambiguity in the statute before applying the law in deciding a given case. However, this has never been an easy undertaking to many judges. As a result, in interpreting any statute, they must follow certain rules and procedures contained in the Interpretation Act of 1978. Apart from following the rules and procedures contained in the Interpretation Act of 1978, judges also have certain rules that help them in interpreting a statute with an ambiguity or error. The first rule that judges must apply in the interpretation of any given statute is the literal rule. Normally, under the literal rule, the judges to a case are required to give the statute its ordinary meaning without any amendment. This implies that the statute is taken the way pa rliament has made it without making sense of the law as applied in the case of R v Harris (1836) 7 C & P 446 (Gifford 1990, p. 14). In this case, the defendant was accused of biting the nose the plaintiff’s nose. ... The judges attributed this to the fact that the words stab cut or wound in their literal meaning means there is the use of an instrument. This resulted in the squashing of the defendant’s conviction, as noted by (Sullivan 2007, p.38). The same literal rule was applied in the interpretation of ambiguity, in statute, in Fisher v Bell [1961] 1 QB 394. In this case, the statute the defendant displayed a knife at the window of his shop with a price tag indicating that it was for sale. This is notwithstanding the fact that the statute law criminalized any offer for sale of a flick knife. However, the court quashed the defendant’s conviction on grounds that displaying goods in a shop does not constitute to an ‘offer,’ rather an invitation to treat. The judges also applied the literal rule in the interpretation of Whitely v Chappel (1868) LR 4 QB 147(Solan 2010, p.31). The judges can also apply the golden rule in the interpretation of a statute. The golden rule is mainly applied in the interpretation of a statute where the judges feel that the use of the literal rule may result in absurdity or inconsistency. As such, the event that the judges are convinced that applying the literal rule may result in inconsistency or ambiguity then they are allowed to proceed and apply a secondary meaning of the statute. The application of the golden rule has been demonstrated in a number of cases in the past. One such was in R v Allen (1872) LR 1 CCR 367 in which the defendant was accused of bigamy (Solan 2010, p. 28). The statute at that time prohibited bigamy by maintaining that any person already married cannot marry another person as long as the other partner is still alive. When deciding the case, the judges noted an ambiguity as

CEO Compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CEO Compensation - Essay Example y, the works that are expected for the CEO to perform, and the economic status of the company, if it is gaining much for a certain period that will qualify whether the CEO deserved the amount of pay. As noted by Solomon (2007), survey says that the CEOs in the US are really overpaid because there is â€Å"an absence of objective ways to measure an executive performance†. Secondly, much is expected from an American company so these companies live up with the expectations. Tough competitions set in, and to stay on â€Å"top†, companies must hire the â€Å"best† CEO to run their company. And the â€Å"best way† to have the â€Å"best† CEO to come and stay in the company is to lure them with excessive salaries and benefits even before they will produce results as what most CEOs in the US enjoy now. Japanese CEOs generally received much lower levels of compensation compared to their counterparts in the US. As reported by Wiseman and Del Jones (2009) in the USA Today, CEOs of big companies only earned an average of $809, 000 in 2003, with a difference of $11.4 million compared with the CEOs of the US. This fact alone, however, is not sufficient to imply that U.S. CEOs are overpaid. It is because big companies in Japan are generally smaller compared to big companies in the US. Relatively, it is unfair to compare the compensation received by CEOs of small companies to big companies. On the other hand, the practices of US companies in encouraging CEOs to join them are not being practiced in Japan. As Wiseman and Del Jones (2009) noted â€Å"Japanese firms rarely poach talent from rival firms, outbidding each other for management superstars†. Usually, CEOs of companies in Japan were previously rank-and-file employees of the company they are working with who worked hard for th e company for several years until they reached the top position. Chief executive officers of US companies are very much benefited when there is an increase if the company’s value within a certain period.

Diverse Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diverse Britain - Essay Example A list is long but important thing is that rule and laws gave them equal rights who settled in UK regardless of their ethnicity, race and culture. (Ethnic Diversity) Some of the demographic features of ethnic diversity in UK are worth enumerating. Ethnicity Population Proportion in total UK population Bangladeshi 283,063 0.5% Black (others) �,585 0.2% Black African �,277 0.8% Black Caribbean �,876 1.0% Chinese �,403 0.4% Indian �,053,411 1.8% Mixed race �,117 1.2% Other �,615 0.4% Other Asian (non-Chinese) �,644 0.4% Pakistani �,285 1.3% White �,153,898 92.1% Source: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=273 It will be most interesting now to see how media people respond to the notions of ethnic diversity in UK. R eports from Print Media Murrells (2011) in The Guardian reports under the heading ‘Preston's Nathan Ellington claims he was racially abused at Millwall’. Nathan Ellington claimed he had a worst racial humiliation of his life at Millwall. "I've never seen a more racist and abusive crowd as I saw today at Millwall! Disgrace to the human race." Murrells (2011) further writes quoting Ellington, â€Å"I didn't bite or report it, it's just sad really that there are still people with so much anger at a football match." (Murrells, 2011) Ellington further said that he was inflicted with a remark of thief and targeted of monkey noises as reported in the paper. It is really surprising that such a celebrity player has to face such hostile remarks particularly, when Nathan is British born. It was simply not a club rivalry but something more than that. â€Å"Commercials represent only 5% of TV ads featuring ethnic minorities† (Sweney, 2011) With above title a report published in The Guardian in its issue of 21 April 2011. Subject of the report was that only 5% of the 35,000 ads were involved with the actors from black or other ethnic community. The report prepared by Clearcast mentioned that TV advertising is not proportionately representing blacks in view of the fact that Asian, Black and other ethnic minorities constitute about 13 percent of the UK population. Issue of ethnicity and belonging to black community still prevents one doing significant role in television commercials. Otherwise, how can one explain such a low level of participation in the ad business? It seems that it will take years before any racial discrimination is totally eliminated and participation of the other ethnic community sharply increases. The report further said that only 1130 ads were such that when any actor of ethnic minority group was given a main role. It means that commercials are not appropriately representing the diverse makeup of the UK. (Sweney, 2011) â€Å"Your tr ibe need to behave like proper English children: What BBC's Mishal Husain was told by shopper in supermarket.† (Jarvis, 2011) Above heading appeared in Daily Mail in its issue of 8th May, 2011. The children of BBC news reporter Mishal Husain were told to behave ‘like proper English children’ when she visited a mall in Waitrose for shopping along with her three children and husband. Ms Husain is the upcoming star of BBC News. She is born and brought up in UK though her parents belong to Pakistan. Even BBC1’

CEO Compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CEO Compensation - Essay Example y, the works that are expected for the CEO to perform, and the economic status of the company, if it is gaining much for a certain period that will qualify whether the CEO deserved the amount of pay. As noted by Solomon (2007), survey says that the CEOs in the US are really overpaid because there is â€Å"an absence of objective ways to measure an executive performance†. Secondly, much is expected from an American company so these companies live up with the expectations. Tough competitions set in, and to stay on â€Å"top†, companies must hire the â€Å"best† CEO to run their company. And the â€Å"best way† to have the â€Å"best† CEO to come and stay in the company is to lure them with excessive salaries and benefits even before they will produce results as what most CEOs in the US enjoy now. Japanese CEOs generally received much lower levels of compensation compared to their counterparts in the US. As reported by Wiseman and Del Jones (2009) in the USA Today, CEOs of big companies only earned an average of $809, 000 in 2003, with a difference of $11.4 million compared with the CEOs of the US. This fact alone, however, is not sufficient to imply that U.S. CEOs are overpaid. It is because big companies in Japan are generally smaller compared to big companies in the US. Relatively, it is unfair to compare the compensation received by CEOs of small companies to big companies. On the other hand, the practices of US companies in encouraging CEOs to join them are not being practiced in Japan. As Wiseman and Del Jones (2009) noted â€Å"Japanese firms rarely poach talent from rival firms, outbidding each other for management superstars†. Usually, CEOs of companies in Japan were previously rank-and-file employees of the company they are working with who worked hard for th e company for several years until they reached the top position. Chief executive officers of US companies are very much benefited when there is an increase if the company’s value within a certain period.

In general Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

In general - Essay Example In the original work, an author tends to own the writing by mentioning his name in it. The writer is responsible for the authenticity of information and is liable for consequences in case, the information is invalid. On the other hand, a plagiarized work lacks ownership. A reader can not believe that the writer had faith in the information he/she has included while plagiarizing in the paper. Originality in writing shows the author’s individualistic contribution in widening and deepening the sea of knowledge, whereas an individual who plagiarizes creates whirlpools in this sea. The most fundamental difference between originality and plagiarism is that the former gives birth to knowledge whereas the latter is a literary theft. Moreover, originality is clear whereas plagiarism often gets too blurred a concept to be put into black and white (â€Å"Types of Plagiarism†). For example, many times, the same old ideas have to be repeated in a new paper. If the language is suffic iently changed so as to remove the originality but the meaning is kept unchanged, would it not be a theft of idea? Different people have different answers to this question. Difference between description and analysis: Description is a straight mention of facts about a thing, matter, incident or anything.

Animal Farm Essay Example for Free

Animal Farm Essay Animal Farm by George Orwell is an allegory written in 1943. It was also made into a TV film version in 1999 directed by John Stephenson, produced by Greg Smith and Robert Halmi and distributed by Hallmark Films. Animal Farm is a deceitfully simple story about a group of farm animals who are tired of living in a dystopia caused by humans. They rebel and create their own way of life, only to find themselves back in a dystopia caused by animals. The film follows the plot line of the novel closely but changes some major details. While the film and the novel Animal Farm are basically one in the same and have similar plot lines, the film had less detail, while the novel was thoroughly detailed. The differences between the film and the novel were points of view, exposition and major plots. Orwell tells the story of Animal Farm through a third person, omniscient point of view. The narrator is never involved in the action of the story, but knows everything. This point of view allows readers to see into the minds of the characters and understand their motivations. The film is told by a narrator, a character in the novel, Jessie. It explains the film in a way that she sees everything occurring. It also stops most of the dialogue between the animals and they don’t really talk like they do in the novel. Another difference between the novel and film is the exposition, which gives background information on the plot. In the novel, some of the events that occur in Animal Farm’s exposition play important roles later on in the novel. In the novels exposition, Orwell describes many of the animals that are important to the novel. In the films exposition, very little time is spent on developing the characters of the important animals. Also, the song Beasts of England is not sung in the exposition, unlike the novel, this song plays a very pivotal role later on in the novel. In the film, they don’t know the characters very well and the animals don’t really sing it, they hum it. This takes away from the mood of the song. The movie is merely an adaptation of the novel into film, so almost all the events that take place in the novel will take place in the film. Another difference between the novel and film is the major plot differences. The novel and film follow the same plot line but there are some major differences. In the novel, Old Major died about 3 days after his speech from natural causes. While in the film, Mr. Jones shoots Old Major minutes after his speech, while they’re reciting the Beasts of England song. In the novel, all of the animals could speak while in the film it was arrated by Jessie which cut the dialogue of most of the animals. The end of the film and novel differ greatly. In the novel, the animals are sadly dominated by Napolean. But in the film they somehow overthrow his power and finally bond together for another attempt at a utopia. The film covered major ideas but missed some details, characters, and small stuff that made the novel so interesting. It’s quite apparent that there are many significant differences between Animal Farm the novel and the film. There are a number of differences between the use of point of view, the exposition, and the major plots. Animal Farm is a simple story about a group of farm animals who overthrew their human dictators and their animal counterpart who dictated them also. The novel was very detailed and had many characters which made it very interesting. While the film had less details, and characters which made it a little dull, and boring. These are my comparisons of the film and novel called Animal Farm.

Reflecting On The Importance Of Oral Hygiene Nursing Essay

Reflecting On The Importance Of Oral Hygiene Nursing Essay The care of a patients mouth forms an important component of assisting hygiene needs and yet is an aspect of practice which is not always afforded the attention it fully deserves. It is also a role which too often delegated to health care assistants. Research shows that, in the United States, nosocomial pneumonia ranks second in morbidity and first in mortality among nosocomial infections. The treatment of nosocomial pneumonia adds 5 to 7 days to the hospital stay of surviving patients and billions of dollars to healthcare costs. REFLECTION There are different models of reflection one of which is Gibbs (1988). Reflection is the process of reviewing an experience in order to describe, analyses, evaluate and so inform learning about practice (Reid1993). I will use this reflection model in guiding me because it has helped focusing on different aspects of an experience, and exploiting their full potential for learning will be more appreciated. Reflection in professional practice, however, gives back not what it is, but what might be, an improvement on the original (Moon 1999). Description As part of placement simulation, I was part of a group introduced to oral hygiene care. It is one of the core requirements in maintaining the hygiene needs of a patient. When we were told to bring in a towel and tooth brush, I was taken aback as to what was the need for them? I went to the multi-skills laboratory not knowing what will befall me. My lecturer introduced us to a range of chemicals for oral hygiene. I had used some before but on this occasion, there was one I had not tried and used before. I was assigned a colleague to have the opportunity of experiencing the giving and receiving of oral hygiene by cleaning his teeth with toothbrush and pepsodent and vice versa.We performed as instructed. Feelings Upon commencement of activity, my views of healthy oral care were not very clear to me. Generally I perceived cleaning your teeth as being much like washing a face. I felt very embarrassed and inadequate and consequently, felt very uncomfortable as I have not done this to anyone outside of my family. On his part, it was obvious from his reaction that he had no confidence in me, thinking I was going to brush his teeth hard. It highlighted the complex problems I have to solve in practice and the provision of care needs to patients for whom I may not have had contact with before. I thought my pride and dignity had been taken away from me but later felt comfortable having understood what it was generally. Critical Analysis Helping patients/service users to meet their hygiene needs is a fundamental component of nursing care. Again, helping patients to meet their personal hygiene needs provides any nurse with an ideal opportunity to undertake a thorough physical, emotional and cognitive assessment of the patient. Although it seemed difficult at the beginning, by the time we performed on each other for the third time with encouragement we had developed a good working relationship. Encouraging students to acknowledge their intuitive capacity helps them to appreciate their strengths and weaknesses (SWOT). Jasper (2003) regards SWOT analysis as getting to know yourself. The understanding of our skills and abilities and the awareness of where our limits lie is seen as crucial to being able to act as a professional practitioner. After identifying and analyzing of my own strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, I showed no more discomfort and shown more interest in the activity as our lecturer continued talked us through. Jackson and Mannix (2001) note that amount of interest the nurse shows in the learning needs of the student and the key role he or she plays in their achievement are essential to the students development. It is strange that sometimes you do things or know what things are without ever really stopping and analysing it. Most students and many professionals note that learning acquired from placement experience is much more meaningful and relevant than that acquired in the lecture room (Quinn 2000). Boud et al 1985 argue: it is common for reflection to be treated as if it were an intellectual exercise a simple matter of thinking rigorously. However, reflection is not solely a cognitive process; emotions are central to all learning. Conclusion Caring for a patient requires a relationship and empathy. By developing collaborative relationship with patients, I can provide prompt and focused interventions which can limit illness. Action Plan My aim is to be proactive in the future by promptly opening up. I aim to develop the skill of emotional resilience to be able to deliver and receive any care. Conclusion Like many others on the group, I thought that students were there through choice, they wanted to learn. As a result of this I expected the group to be mature and behaved. Due to my lack of experience in care and the job title of student nurse, I perceived that most sessions would run in a lecture format. This was probably a very naive move on my part, however following my first two sessions, I realised that if I was to be a successful student nurse, I had to adapt my approach. I needed to focus more upon my involvement and participation, getting the group involved in sessions would help to improve my learning process. However as I develop my nursing skills and also my ability to reflect, I have begun to realise that the process of reflection is more complex than Gibbs (1988) suggests. Whilst Gibbs highlights key areas of the process, I feel that reflection is not as cyclical as this model implies. As my reflective skills develop, I am finding myself jumping some stages of the cycle, revisiting others and in some instances digressing in different directions. I feel that this represents my views of reflection as I have a start point (the experience) and an end point (the outcomes/actions), but how I get there is down to my trail of thought. Whilst at this stage of my development I would not class myself as a successful, I believe I am working to develop the skills required to be successful.

Information Technology Essay -- essays research papers

Information technology is a rapidly growing part of today's society. It affects everyone's life in many aspects. Every human endeavor is influenced by information technology and the increasing rate at which what it can perform includes. One area of human endeavor that information technology has greatly influenced is the practice of medicine, specifically veterinary medicine. Not only has veterinary medicine been influenced by information technology, it has also been enhanced by it. The degree to which the practice of veterinary medicine includes information technology is observable at the Animal Emergency Clinic of Central New York on Erie Blvd. in Syracuse, New York. Section I: veterinary medicine. Doctors of veterinary medicine are the people who engage in the human endeavor of practicing veterinary medicine. The activities that are included in this endeavor are the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases. The best way to handle a disease is to prevent acquiring it altogether. To accomplish this animals are given the available vaccinations for the most likely diseases they would get according to what type of animal they are and where they live. Unfortunately not every disease has a vaccination and not every animal has the opportunity to receive the available vaccinations. When an animal gets sick it is the duty of the veterinarian to determine the cause of the sickness and the best possible course of treatment for it. Veterinarians have many other responsibilities as well. These range from, but are not limited to, treating wounded animals and spaying or neutering them to preventing the spread of diseases from animals to humans through agriculture. The first school of veterinary medicine was in France. It opened in 1761. Veterinary medicine schools started to open in the United States of America during the civil war. (www.encyclopedia.com) To become a doctor of veterinary medicine, DVM, one must complete veterinary school. To get accepted into a school of veterinary medicine, a student has to meet the requirements of that particular vet school. Most of the requirements can be satisfied through undergraduate course work. The hard part is to have done a better job at meeting these requirements than the competition has. As an undergraduate, the student must demonstrate not only academic excellence and dedication to service and helping others, ... ... WWII. (www.encyclopedia.com) The use of certain information technologies in the field of human medicine are sure to have an influence in the practice of veterinary medicine. Antibiotics are another example of veterinary technology influencing human medicine. It is expected that advances in human medicine will affect veterinary medicine. The use of information technology to enable surgeons to perform surgery off site is sure to carry over to veterinary medicine. This will have a great affect on the way doctors perform in this field. To prepare oneself for success in veterinary medicine all of the required graduate and undergraduate courses must be completed. However, the best preparation for success is exposure to the field. In order to be completely ready for the practice of veterinary medicine knowing how to use the relevant information technologies is a necessity. The best way to accomplish this is through additional courses or observation. According to Tamela, a licensed veterinary technician who works at the AEC of CNY, watching another vet. at work, and seeing how he/she uses the technology to his/her advantage is an invaluable way to prepare for success in this field."

David The Great :: essays research papers

Creative Writing: A Hero Adventure David the great was a true hero, I will now tell you why, he went through all of the events that heroes go through such as a departure, initiation and return. He also was a national figure, he led the Romans to victory in war and was well known by all, and was also forced to leave his family in time of need knowing he may never return to see them. So here is the story of David the great. It all started when the Cyclops was released onto the earth from his underground cell and started to torment the world and was destroying city after city until David the great and his loyal army were called upon to stop him. But he was reluctant to leave, for he had just been married to his wife and were expecting a child, and knew he may never see his family ever again. But David knew he should go, for so many lives were at stack not only his own, the people of Rome were also at risk, the giant Cyclops was running wild through the city destroying anyone and anything in his path. So David left for Rome for he knew it was his mission to go and battle the Cyclops with his great army and save the Romans from certain doom. So he left with his army after the tough good bye for Rome. On his way to Rome, David stopped at the temple of Wisdom ,who was the god of knowledge, and asked him how to kill the Cyclops. Wisdom told David that the only way to k ill the Cyclops was to stab him in the eye so he could not see. So David left for Rome and when he and his army got to Rome they saw the destruction that the Cyclops had unleashed onto the city, the buildings were all torn down in heaps of rubble and fires had started in some parts of the city. So David and his army wasted no time and went for the Cyclops, but the Cyclops just picked up the men and ate them like they were little action figures. And then David was the only one left and he and the Cyclops froze for a second when there eyes met, so in all of his rage, the Cyclops picked up a vendor’s cart and hurled it like it was a small rock.

Professor Tocker

Shop This project has to do with price elasticity, which is a measure used in economics to show the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good or service, in regards to the quantity demanded for a good or service to a change in its price. It will also give the percentage change in quantity demanded in response to a change in price. (wow. coursesmart. com/97812568314/page 551). A measure of the relationship between the change in quantity demanded of a particular good and a change in its rice relates to prices sensitivity.If a small change in price is accompanied by a change of quantity demanded, the product will be elastic. A product that is inelastic is when a large change in price is accompanied by a small change in the quantity demanded. Elasticity is sensitive to change in price, the degree to which demand for a good or service, in this case the flowers I am selling, varies with its price. It has to do with sales, when sales increase with a drop in price and decreases with the rise in price.Things like appliances, cars, and other non-essential, or luxury items, show elasticity of demand, it is because they are not essential items such as medical supplies, food, or etc. (www. businessdictionary. com/definition/ elasticityofdemand. html) Inelastic demand is when a demand for a product doesn't increase or decrease with a fall or rise in its price; an increase in price would increase the revenue regardless of a fall in the quantity demanded. Inelastic examples would be groceries, gasoline, etc. things that are necessities.The ercentage change in quantity demanded is less than the percentage change in price. It is also unresponsive to changes like demand, when it falls to increase in proportion to a decrease in price. (Tocker, R. (November 26, 2013) Econ 212 2 203 3 [chat 4]. Retrieved from Colorado Technical University Virtual Campus. ECON212 13048-02 Principles ot Microeconomics: nttps://campus. ctuonline. edu) The price of a laptop increases by 20% and there is a 40% drop in quantity demanded of the laptop. Then formula would be: Formula = Percent of change in Quantity demanded of LaptopPercentage of change in Price of Laptop Quantity Demand 40% = 4 = 2 Price Increased 20% 2 Since the result is greater than 1, the demand for the laptops is elastic, and the effect on total revenue of an increase in price which will mean that the total revenue will fall. Inelastic demand is Just the opposite of elastic demand, because consumers will buy it regardless of price. Formula = Percentage of quantity Demanded of Cigarettes Percentage of price increase of Cigarettes Demanded The price of cigarettes increased by 10%, and there is a 5% drop in the quantity emanded. Quantity Demanded 5% Price Increased 0. 10 Since the result is less than 1, the demand for cigarettes is inelastic and the effect on total revenue on a decrease in price, which will mean that revenue rises, then total revenue will be unchanged. (wrww. economicsrevealed. co. uk) I th ink bridge tolls are inelastic, people will pay them regardless of price; it helps to maintain roads and reduce traffic congestion this is something people will Just add to their daily expenses for getting to and from work. As far as beachfront property is oncerned, I think many people would love to own beachfront property; however, it is not a necessity this would be a luxury, which is elastic.Gourmet coffee and cell phones could be both either elastic or inelastic, depending on if you believe it is a necessity or a luxury. My personal opinion is that it is a necessity, but the applications and downloads that are available to you are a luxury, an added feature is something your do not need. I could not imagine being without my cell phone, but I don't want to pay for all the extra apps that are available. I honestly believe that gasoline is inelastic because you need it to travel, getting back and forth to work, etc.Regardless of what price the gas may be we will pay it in order to get to our destination. Owning and running a floral shop, I have to look at the supply and demand. While Valentine's Day is when roses are in high demand, but supply is low; however, you also have a higher demand in flowers during Christmas and Hanukkah, Mother's Day, Easter, and Memorial Day. The best time for me to raise prices would be in February, ecause of the high demand; again in May to deal with the demand for Mother's Day, Memorial Day and weddings throughout the summer months.

Balance Sheets and Income Statements Essay

Patient privacy in any medical facility is not only a right, but a law which was passed by the United States congress in 1996. The law provides the ability to transfer and continue health insurance coverage for Americans when the change or lose their jobs, reduces healthcare fraud and abuse, mandates industry wide standards for health care information on electronic billing, and requires confidential handling of protected health information. The confidentiality is the portion which medical staff and their business associates develop and follow procedures that ensure the confidentiality and security of PHI, protected health information. California Department of Health Care Services, 2012) Many medical facilities and pharmacies throughout our country fail to comply with these HIPAA regulations and through neglect or fraudulent activity compromise a patient’s personal health information. Channel 13 in Indiana did an investigation on pharmacies throughout our nation which discarded prescription labels, pill bottles, and patient information sheets with patient’s personal information into their unsecured dumpsters around Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Miami, Louisville, Philadelphia, and Phoenix. When prescriptions are dropped off, electronically transferred, or called into a pharmacy, patients assume their personal information is guarded and protected. The information given to the pharmacy consists of the patient’s address, telephone number, date of birth, prescribing doctor, social security numbers, and the type of medication on record. This is a violation of federal law. â€Å"Putting protected health information in a dumpster that is accessible to anyone is clearly not an example of a reasonable safeguard,† said Susan McAndrew, senior advisor with the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Office of Civil Rights. (Segall, 2012) Of course there were steps implemented by management to remedy the problem. The manager of Walgreens now requires all dumpster to be locked at all times. Another Walgreen’s manager suggested placing all general trash in a quarantine area to be checked for patient information, sealed, signed and dated by the inspector, and then taken to the dumpster. A CVS manager proposed having a designated area in the store to store pharmacy trash bags until they are delivered to a regional warehouse for proper disposal. (Segall,2012) Some stores may have high turnover rates or poor training, which causes a breakdown in policy and procedure methods. Removing any identifiable information from the prescription bottles before discarding them would have made a difference. Shredding any identifiable information before placing it in the dumpster would have also been sufficient. The managers of these pharmacies have to review the policy and procedures on customer’s privacy rights and how to properly discard their personal information. Each state has a pharmacy board that has rules regarding how to protect patient information; the manager will need to refer to those rules and give additional training to the employees. It is proper to have a representative from an outside company for training on HIPAA and privacy regulations. The author and interviewer spoke with a homeless man who stating he views the content of the dumpster as a means of income. The homeless man sells items he finds in the dumpster to make money. Identity theft is an increasing problem in our society. Identity theft is a crime. Patient’s personal information can easily be sold to a criminal, who can apply for credit and make purchases using the patient’s stolen information. The Golden Rule is to treat people how you would want to be treated. The public should never have to think twice that a professional company would be such lack of concern about their personal information. Elderly people are more likely to have multiple prescriptions and on a consistent basis and the pharmacy discarding their personal information can lead to identity theft. Elderly people are less likely to check or investigate any type of inconsistencies or new entries on their credit report. If the person is applying for any type of credit after theft has happened, this can cause a denial from banks. Insured customers may xperience fraudulent use of the prescription or medical insurance information. This could cause denial of coverage at any point. This could have a huge impact on their lives and it is up to the professionals in these pharmacies to prevent this from happening. The article also told the story of a burglary after a thief found an address from the dumpster of one of their customers. This could be devastating and even fatal if these addresses are obtainable by criminals. Ethically, these pharmacies were incompetent in the way they decided to destroy these records. There is no excuse for this based on the fact they are looked upon as a professional organization and incompetency should not be an excuse. You have a duty as a physician to respect the patient’s trust and keep this information private. Protecting a customer’s confidentiality is about respect. It is the professionals’ duty to respect the customer’s information by restricting access of others to this information. Creating a trusting environment is extremely important. Maintaining confidentiality and respect for the privacy of others is ethically correct and expected in this type of organization. Discarding this personal information is not only ethically wrong, but legally wrong. This is referred to as a breach and fines are applicable in this case. In 2005, the U. S. Department of Justice clarified who could be held criminally liable for violating HIPAA regulations. This violation of placing patient information in the dumpster would fall under the â€Å"HIPAA violation due to willful neglect but violation is corrected within the required time period†. This fine can range from $10,000 to $250,000 annually for repeated violations. American Medical Association, 2012) Violating HIPAA regulations is a federal law and offenses are considered a felony. The fines imposed can be devastating, but there are cases that jail time is required. CVS’s breach in HIPAA regulations were taken up by The Federal Trade Commission and were fined $2. 25 million dollars. According to the complaint, CVS Caremark did not implement reasonable policies and procedures to dispose securely of personal information and did not adequately train employees. (Federal Trade Commission, 2009) It is an organizations responsibility to keep all their employees trained on HIPAA compliance.

Intercultural - international faux pas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intercultural - international faux pas - Essay Example For instance, developing assumptions is one of the practices (Blanchot, 2001). This implies that a number of people have the tendency of assuming that they understand things and the way they are. In addition, it is also inappropriate to neglect creating relationships before proceeding with the intended business. In almost all cultures, it is not proper to attempting to carry out business even before establishing a relationship with the other party. This is viewed as acting too formally and it is not proper. Furthermore, it is also not proper to neglect following the suitable eating etiquette. This could include rejecting an offer of drink or a meal, eating in public, as well as displaying inappropriate table etiquettes (Gaskin, 2008). The most difficult culture to live in is the Chinese culture. The faux pas in my culture that a person from outside might do includes a man greeting a woman in a modesty manner while lowering his gaze to avoid lewd on both

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Management - Assignment Example This role is ensured through a number of means including planning, designing, supervising and controlling the process of production (Maloney, 1998). Operations management is highly important in ensuring the achievement of two major goals, which are the effectiveness and efficiency of the business operations. By effectiveness, reference is being made to the fact that it ensures that customer and consumer specifications and expectations are met whiles by efficiency, reference is being made to the need of ensuring that limited available resources are well used to accomplish estimated rate of production. Operations management is needed both in the service and manufacturing sectors but given the fact that the manufacturing sector requires several components of production than the service sector, it would be said that operations management is more needed in the manufacturing industries than in the services sector. After all, in the manufacturing industry, there are more processes to follow , which demand operations management than in the service sector. 2. Discuss the use of PERT/CPM techniques for managing projects. Describe what PERT/CPM does. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using it. What other techniques might you choose to manage your project? With the advent of technology, there have been a lot more inventions and innovations that have been devised to ensure that project management go on more easily and accessibly. Most of such technologies make use of software that is integrated into existing roles played by project managers. Some of these tasks are statistics and algorithm. With program evaluation and review technique and critical path method, project managers are offered the opportunity to have a digitized versions of statistical and algorithm functioning in project management. More specifically, program evaluation and review technique and critical path method are structured to analyze and symbolize the individual tasks composed in getting the project completed (Maloney, 1998). The advantages associated with these two techniques are that they aid in analyzing the total time needed to finish given tasks. This is so because they analyze all independent tasks involved in the project. Again, they undertake the general scheduling of projects activities. All of these not withstanding; there come disadvantages in the sense that they are hardly scalable for minute projects (Campos and Root, 2006). In the absence of these two, beta distribution and activity diagram could be used to manage projects. 3. What are economies of scale in a manufacturing plant? Do they continue forever? What are diseconomies of scale? How might you decide the optimal size of a plant? In a typical manufacturing plant, the rate of production over time is often fixed. For example, for a given period of time, it is known that on each day, X number of goods will be produced. Due to business growth and decline purposes, there are times that the rates of production wi th changing economic factors. This is where economies of scale and diseconomies of scale come in. basically, economies of scale is said to have been reached or attained when the scale of output increases as the cost per unit declines (Campos and Root, 2006). In such a situation, the resulting short to medium term effect is that revenue and general turnover of the manufacturing plant will increase. Economies of scale often come about because of expansions that lead to several goods and products being produced at lower costs. Economies of scale do not occur forever because of fluctuating growth rate and microeconomic factors. Diseconomies of scale could be said to be the direct opposite of economies of scale

LITERATURE REVIEW CHAPTER OF MY PROJECT (research proposal on the Essay

LITERATURE REVIEW CHAPTER OF MY PROJECT (research proposal on the difficulties single fathers face raising a child in lonodon - Essay Example 15) maintains that there are a number of reasons for the perpetuation of the difficulties single father face. To start with, societal perceptions of single fathers contribute to insufficient and quite often no public or private support for single fathers. Additionally, the UK National Statistics (2011) report that single fathers are more likely to be working parents compared to single mothers. According to a 2001 UK National Statistics released in February 2011, just over 62 per cent of single fathers compared to just over 47 per cent of single mothers. This chapter explores the literature relative to the status and treatment of single fathers in the UK generally, but with particular focus on single fathers in London. The purpose of this chapter is to establish a conceptual framework for demonstrating that single fathers in London face a number of difficulties as a result of both societal and government treatment and perceptions of single fathers and fathers generally. This chapter w ill also explore the possibility that fathers are already disadvantaged by the fact that they are typically working fathers, obviating a greater need for support. I. Public Perceptions of Fatherhood Public perceptions of fatherhood are generally reflected in expectations and experiences within the family structure and based on public policies and legislation. There is a paucity of empirical research in public perceptions of fatherhood. Much of the literature is comprised of historical developments, legal developments, and policy decisions. For the most part, public perceptions of fatherhood are deduced from expectations within the family as expressed in the social sciences and by the law and policy makers as primarily expressed in the law. Daly (1993, p. 511) conducted a study involving 32 fathers of children under the age of 6 and reports that one of the greatest barriers to successful single fatherhood is public perceptions of the role of the father. Daly’s (1993, p. 511) s urvey of the subject fathers discovered that these fathers of the young children were informed of their roles by pervious experiences with their own fathers. According to Dowd (2002, p. 5) theorizes that public perceptions of fatherhood are embedded in the law’s perpetuation of the father as a biological and economic figure, which essentially denies that the father is a nurturing parent. Di Torella (2007, p. 319) substantiates Dwod’s theory by pointing out that although the Work and Family Act 2006 seeks to reinvent the role of the father, it is primarily geared toward accommodating the working mother, rather than the working father and therefore continues to perpetuate the public perception that the father is the financial rather than substantive parent. The legal treatment of the father is explored in greater detail below in Section III below. For present purposes, suffice it to state that according to Dowd (2002, p. 5) the legal representation of the father stems fr om the traditional and historical representation of the father as a property owner and source of financial support for the child. It is hardly surprising that public perceptions of fatherhood tend to undermine the significance of the father in the child’s development and growth. Vincent and Ball (2006, p. 90) inform that based on their interpretation of legal and public treatment of the father, both â€Å"popular and policy discourses on fathers are not flattering†

The Cold War and the Concept of American Citizenship Essay

The Cold War and the Concept of American Citizenship - Essay Example At the same time, the growth in power of the Stalinist USSR and the concerns with respect to the future of the world order after the decline of old European powers (Britain included) led the U.S. to intervene much more actively in the internal affairs of their partner (and satellite) states, contributing to the rise of anti-imperialist and anti-militarist mentality among the wide sectors of the American population. These two developments led directly to the transformation of the concept of American citizenship, which was now considered to be both a sign of super-power entitlement and a stigma connected with the U.S. ‘imperialist’ designs. In general, the end of WWII was met with immense jubilation by the U.S. public, as it was believed that the end of hostilities would bring about the new prosperity. However, already in 1946, the Fulton Speech by British statesmen Winston Churchill signified that the Western powers were to confront the Soviet opposition in the post-WWII settlement of the globe. Thus a picture of the new global rift emerged that pitted the USA against the allegedly ‘merciless’ Soviet communists. This generally Manichean worldview found its most visible expression in the McCarthyist campaign of anti-communist hysteria that was accompanied with veritable persecution of all alleged supporters of the Communist Party of the USA. Within a McCarthyist discourse, such individuals were regarded as traitors to not only the U.S. Federal government, but to a very ‘American Way of Life’ that was to be considered sacrosanct by all citizens. This inherently conservative interpretation focused on such symbols as private property, freedom of religion and free enterprise to rally the opponents of Soviet Communism around the visage of the American national identity. In this way, the American civic patriotism became increasingly associated with the notions of economic liberalism and social and political conservatism, which wer e now to co-exist in a potentially uneasy synthesis. It is characteristic that McCarthyist paid specific attention to the notions of citizenship, as disloyal elements, potentially of European migrant descent, were to be deprived of their American citizenship, if considered ‘un-American’. The activities of a famed House Committee for Un-American Activities (HUAC) may be considered an epitome of McCarthyist efforts to bring about such an outcome for their ideological opponents. Nevertheless, the McCarthyist project for the revamping of the American cultural and civic identity, with the subsequent de-liberalization of the American political culture, was bound to failure, as the significant segments of the American political elite were loath to allow the conservatives to monopolize the political agenda of the nation. The dismissal of McCarthy and the discrediting of his supporters meant that the U.S. elite were to move in direction of the socially liberal policies that were tried in the New Deal period. Both Eisenhower and Kennedy may be regarded as the consistent promoters of such a course, notwithstanding all understandable differences in their internal and foreign policies. The late 1950s saw the gradual de-emphasizing of the geo-political confrontation with the USSR, as the level of anxiety and concern with the Soviet threat began to subside after the death of Stalin and especially after the effective end of the Korean War. These two developments, together with the end of the post-WWII economic reconstruction and the definite beginning of an era of consumer spending and individual prosperity that was not seen and even imaginable in previous decades, helped re-define the concept of American citizens

Airline Industry and the Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Airline Industry and the Economy - Essay Example The shape of the economy is determined by its fiscal and monetary policies, market regulations, capital and export markets, degree of stability and competition, factor endowment and social ahead capital. Fiscal and monetary policies involve government expenditures, money supply, interest rates, currency exchange and inflation rates, and the operation of the banking system. The objectives of fiscal and monetary measures are to keep government from deficit spending and provide stability in money supply, interest rates, prices and the banking system. Once these conditions are emplaced and government spends within limits to avoid heavy external debt, capital credit is available for industries, purchasing power is strong and the economy produces a wide range of goods for the export market. As for market regulation, some of its cornerstones are the efforts to maintain a healthy balance between competition and cooperation and to discourage monopoly and oligopoly. The reason is that where co mpetition is completely unregulated and trade monopolies or oligopolies are allowed to operate, the large enterprises are likely to devour the smaller ones. Factor endowment relates to the supply of land and capital and the size and health of the workforce, while social ahead capital has to do with the availability and quality of power, water, communication systems, housing and transportation. The economy will have difficulty taking off if land and capital are hard to come by and labor supply could not meet the demand of industries in terms of skilled and able-bodied workforce. The economic engine will likewise sputter if water and power supply is unreliable, housing is scarce and expensive, and communication and transportation systems are inefficient. In the transport sector, the airline industry is the most sensitive to economic ups-and-downs and the most vulnerable to natural and man-made disasters, terrorist acts, wars and extreme weather events. This was once again demonstrated in 2001 when air travel worldwide grounded to a halt in the aftermath of 9/11. Flag carriers Swissair of Switzerland and Sabena of Brazil folded up, while several US airlines placed themselves in bankruptcy proceedings to avoid complete collapse. From 2001 until 2005, the airline industry worldwide suffered losses reaching $43 billion, which was equivalent to the combined capitalization of 13 US airlines in today's terms. Even British Airways, the world's biggest international airline, was unable to pay shareholder dividends for four years, had to trim 5,800 jobs and to introduce pay cuts to managers. In the US, the government came to the rescue of the distressed airline industry by allotting a $15-billion bailout fund. The industry used the assistance to hire back some 10,000 workers that were laid off at the height of the crisis, which was the primary concern of the state. In the absence of such economic upheavals, the main concerns of the airline industry are the costs of aircraft acquisition and maintenance, fuel and salaries. These are the direct operating costs of airlines,

Evolution And Extinction Essay Example for Free

Evolution And Extinction Essay Evolution describes the progressive stages by which organisms existing today have emerged through processes of specialization, adaption and natural selection, from their pre-existing ancestors; it is the significant change in the traits of a population over several generations. On the other hand, extinction of a species of organism is the total disappearance of such forms of life from the surface of the earth due to inability to adapt. Â  The concept of f extinction and fossil development are closely interwoven. It is so important to the support of evolution that Charles Darwin expects that the ‘missing fossils’ would one day emerge as the ‘strongest support’ for the theory he propounded; the theory of evolution by natural selection. The point is that without extinction, there would be no fossils. In the absence of fossils, it readily becomes difficult to relate species ancestor to the existing organisms for the purpose of establishing an unequivocal evolutionary link. Evolution has generated a lot of controversy in contemporary times as it attempts to remove the Creationist theory from its vantage and highly exalted position. It is a thoughtful concept on the origin of living organism that has been supported by Developmental similarities [ascribed to the work of Ernest Haeckel], chromosomal similarities among mammals and primates [e.g. man and chimpanzee], fossil records, biochemical and anatomical similarities such as vestigial organs. Of these, fossil records are the most important since they create the needed link to substantiate evolution. Before reaching forth to connect and disconnect evolution and extinction, it is essential to note that: In the beginning, life was simple and over time, complexities came into view. As a result organisms perpetually attempt to become better suited to the prevailing environmental conditions and demands. Organisms who can effectively develop appropriate features survive i.e. they adapt and those who can not, die. This is the concept of ‘the survival of the fittest’. The newly evolved organism with better adaptation mechanisms produce offsprings much better suited by transfer of such positive and inheritable characters encoded in genes. When conditions change again, evolution occurs for the sustenance of life. Those who do not cope, die and their species progressively disappear. It is this cycle of evolution and extinction that is acclaimed to have maintained living organisms on the Earth. EVOLUTION VERSUS EXTINCTION From the aforementioned facts, it is clear that the two concepts are in a way, mutually interdependent. The progressive emergence of present-day horse from its evolutionary ancestors has been confirmed by fossil discovery and analysis. Same applies to man’s appearance as Homo sapiens. Â  In the examples, the ancestral species have gone into extinction. Their fossils were however discovered. A detailed analysis of these fossils, placing them side by side has made it possible to trace the evolution of horses and man; for man, from extinct Homo habilis through H. erectus to the present day Homo sapiens. This complementation has been achieved thus: detailed study and analysis of the different aspects of the fossil [anatomical, biochemical, and sometimes pathological], and comparing of findings to same properties of existing species has led to the conclusion that speciation and specialization occurred, necessitated by the need for survival. In contrast, if extinction points to the fact that evolution has possibly occurred, what about the ‘missing links’. This is an area that has made the belief in evolution a rather Herculean adventure. If organisms are claimed to have evolved over time, then, there has to fossils for the proposed ancestors. This is particularly important in the case of links i.e. species that combined the properties of two related members of a genus. If these links are absent, evolution raises more questions than it can answer. In this vein, one may look at Extinction as a natural solution to the problems of congestion. It appears to relieve the ecosystem of the burden of many lives. Imagine the congestion and its concomitant intense competition for space that would have resulted if extinction did not occur. The earth would have been in serious turmoil and life would intolerable. On the other hand, evolution shows the capacity that nature has to become suited to sustain life. It evidently relates a potent idea: nature is self-sustaining. It can adapt to changes effectively, and produce same or better results from prevailing conditions.